Fed improves ability to handle big bank failures
D.C., Washington, United States (AHN) – U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke told the Senate Banking Committee Thursday that the Feb has improved its ability to handle big bank failures. He said the improvement the past 24 months was partly because of the Dodd-Frank Act that revamped financial regulation as an aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007-08.
As regulator, the Fed must be very aggressive and not give banks the too much room, particularly in weak areas such as risk management, Bernanke said. He admitted not all the rules of the Act had been implemented, but the Fed had started to place tighter risk standards.
Aside from Bernanke, the chairman of the other regulatory agencies over financial institutions such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and the acting Comptroller of the Currency also appeared before the senate committee. They provided updates on how their agencies were enacting and implementing new rules and regulations mandated by the Act, signed in July 2010.
The CFTC and the SEC have a combined proposed 64 new regulations that would impact parts of the financial markets and issued eight final and four interim rules.
As part of the Fed initiative to prevent big bank failures, the agency ordered the 19 largest U.S. banks to test their capital levels against another recession with an unemployment rate above 11 percent.
The banks stress-tested their loans, securities, earnings and capital performances versus three possible economic outcomes. The banks submitted the results of their tests last month to the Fed, which will finish the review in March.
Some of the banks include those that plan to hike dividends reduced during the financial crisis. The stress test ensures that banks’ capital bases are strong enough to withstand a double-dip scenario before they begin returning capital to shareholders.
On Thursday also, the House Financial Services Committee held a hearing in which bank regulators queried about the Fed proposal to require debit card issuers to reduce by up to 90 percent the interchange fees. The same issue was tackled in the Senate hearing.
Bernanke and FDIC Chairwoman Sheila Bair opined that a two-tiered system, where smaller banks would be exempt from the interchange fee reduction, might now work because merchants may not accept debit cards from smaller institutions to whom they have to pay higher interchange fees.
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Us Commodity Futures Trading Commission Handbook
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Ultimate handbook on the US government policy and regulations of the commodity futures trading…. More >>
Us Commodity Futures Trading Commission Handbook
Profitable Commodity Futures Trading from A to Z
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Bruce Babcock founded Commodity Traders Consumer Report, a newsletter to help traders sift through the maze of commodity futures trading information. This book contains over 270 separate articles on all aspects of profitable trading which appeared in CTCR. Subjects arranged alphabetically include Account Size, Breakouts, Day Trading, Money Management, Neural Networks, Oscillators, Shortcuts to Success, Systems, Taking Profits and much more. Over 60 contributing auth… More >>
Profitable Commodity Futures Trading from A to Z
Futures Trading…Know The Market Before The Experts
You Don’t need a Crystal Ball
One might say that there has to be some kind of mystical knowledge being used, considering the price for the commodity doesn’t yet exist. Commodities are any physical, tangible goods, such as crops like corn or wheat, to oil, gold, and currency, just to name a few. The futures market has nothing to do with the use of a crystal ball, though there are many traders who wish they had one. A futures contract is a standardized contract to buy or sell a specified commodity of standardized quality at a certain date in the future, at a market determined price (the futures price). The contracts are traded on a futures exchange.
A futures contract gives the holder the obligation to make or take delivery under the terms of the contract, whereas an option grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to establish a position previously held by the seller of the option. Like all financial instruments, the futures market is highly regulated, but not by the SEC.
The SEC administers and enforces the federal laws that govern the sale and trading of securities, such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds, but they do not regulate futures trading. The federal agency that does regulate futures trading is the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. With limited
exceptions, the trading of futures must be executed on the floor of a commodity exchange. Similar to broker-dealers that are members of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or some other self-regulatory organization, all firms and individuals who trade futures with the public or give advice about futures trading must be registered with the National Futures Association (NFA).
The Players In This Chess Match
Hedgers and Speculators
Commercial hedgers are corporations and sometime individuals, that seek to ensure the stability of a given commodity by taking a position in the commodities market. Take peas for example, and the hedger, a food processor who cans them. If pea prices go up the hedger ends up having to pay the farmer or pea dealer more. Because it is basically a cash commodity, to protect himself against higher pea prices, the processor can “hedge” his risk exposure by buying enough pea futures contracts to cover the amount of peas he expects to buy. Since cash and futures prices do tend to move in tandem, the futures position will profit if the price of peas rise enough to offset cash pea losses.
Speculators are the second major group of futures players. These participants include independent floor traders and investors. A speculator is a person, or more likely an institution, that purchases or sells the commodities based on factors other than simply analysis. Whereas investors will focus, by and large, on detailed analysis.
Gambling With Your Futures
Five Reasons To Roll the Dice
Since most individual traders are speculators, here is a list of some of the advantages and disadvantages of the futures market over other investment possibilities.
1. The possibility exist that a person can make more money faster in the futures market, because the speed of prices tend to change faster than stocks. Conversely, bad judgment can cause one to suffer greater losses than traditional investments.
2. Futures are highly leveraged investments. The trader only puts up about 15-20% as a margin, yet still being able to ride the full amount of the contract. Unlike stocks where at least 50% of its value has to be put up, and the investor pays interest on the difference between the margin and the full contract value.
3. For the most part there is no inside trading. Everyone has the same insiders information on the weather, for example. This is an open outcry market, very public, which insures a fair outcome.
4. Commission charges on futures trades are small compared to other investments, and the investor pays them after the position is liquidated.
5. Most commodity markets are very broad and liquid. Transactions can be completed quickly, lowering the risk of adverse market moves between the time of the decision to trade and the trade’s execution.
I hope this has helped in your research. I don’t profess to being an expert, but I do know of some. I obviously don’t have the time to go into all the details now, but at my site Market Mentalist you will find all you need to know about investing online. I have a page devoted to futures. There is access to some of the top trading systems available including software, books, newsletters, and Forums. Whether you are an inquisitive novice or a seasoned pro Market Mentalist offers the online investment resource you just might be seeking.
At 57, I consider myself to be a Jack Of All Trades And Master Of Nothing. I was a struggling actor for 25 years. During that time I learned a little about a lot of things, and would like to pass along some of that knowledge. I live in California with my beautiful wife and a menagerie of pets.
Online Futures Trading Methods
Crystal Ball, Anyone?
One might say that there has to be some kind of mystical knowledge being used, considering the price for the commodity doesn’t yet exist. Commodities are any physical, tangible goods, such as crops like corn or wheat, to oil, gold, and currency, just to name a few. The futures market has nothing to do with the use of a crystal ball, though there are many traders who wish they had one. A futures contract is a standardized contract to buy or sell a specified commodity of standardized quality at a certain date in the future, at a market determined price (the futures price). The contracts are traded on a futures exchange.
A futures contract gives the holder the obligation to make or take delivery under the terms of the contract, whereas an option grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to establish a position previously held by the seller of the option. Like all financial instruments, the futures market is highly regulated, but not by the SEC.
The SEC administers and enforces the federal laws that govern the sale and trading of securities, such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds, but they do not regulate futures trading. The federal agency that does regulate futures trading is the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. With limited
exceptions, the trading of futures must be executed on the floor of a commodity exchange. Similar to broker-dealers that are members of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or some other self-regulatory organization, all firms and individuals who trade futures with the public or give advice about futures trading must be registered with the National Futures Association (NFA).
Today, with online futures trading, we have instantaneous results which provide greater benefits for the trader. This of course results in worldwide access. Before we address possible methods, we must first recognize the players in this high stakes game of commodities.
Hedgers and Speculators
Commercial hedgers are corporations and sometime individuals, which seek to ensure the stability of a given commodity by taking a position in the commodities market. Take peas for example, and the hedger, a food processor who cans them. If pea prices go up the hedger ends up having to pay the farmer or pea dealer more. Because it is basically a cash commodity, to protect himself against higher pea prices, the processor can “hedge” his risk exposure by buying enough pea futures contracts to cover the amount of peas he expects to buy. Since cash and futures prices do tend to move in tandem, the futures position will profit if the price of peas rises enough to offset cash pea losses.
Speculators are the second major group of futures players. These participants include independent floor traders and investors. A speculator is a person, or more likely an institution, that purchases or sells the commodities based on factors other than simply analysis. Whereas investors will focus, by and large, on detailed analysis.
Method to the Madness
Since most individual traders are speculators, here is a list of some of the advantages and disadvantages of the futures market over other investment possibilities.
1. The possibilities exist that a person can make more money faster in the futures market, because the speed of prices tends to change faster than stocks. Conversely, bad judgment can cause one to suffer greater losses than traditional investments.
2. Futures are highly leveraged investments. The trader only puts up about 15-20% as a margin, yet still being able to ride the full amount of the contract. Unlike stocks where at least 50% of its value has to be put up, and the investor pays interest on the difference between the margin and the full contract value.
3. For the most part there is no inside trading. Everyone has the same insider’s information on the weather, for example. This is an open outcry market, very public, which insures a fair outcome.
4. Commission charges on futures trades are small compared to other investments, and the investor pays them after the position is liquidated.
5. Most commodity markets are very broad and liquid. Transactions can be completed quickly, lowering the risk of adverse market moves between the time of the decision to trade and the trade’s execution.
I hope this has helped in your research. I don’t profess to being an expert, but I do know of some. I obviously don’t have the time to go into all the details now, but at my site Market Mentalist you will find all you need to know about investing online. I have a page devoted to Online Futures Trading Methods. There is access to some of the top trading systems available including software, books, newsletters, and Forums. Whether you are an inquisitive novice or a seasoned pro Market Mentalist offers the online investment resource you just might be seeking.
Now in my late 50′s, I consider myself to be a Jack Of All Trades And Master Of a few things. I was a struggling actor for 25 years. During that time I learned a little about a lot of things, and would like to pass along some of that knowledge. As an experienced trader, I can tell you that this the time to take advantage of the market and Online Futures Trading Methods
Commodity Futures Trading / Commodity Options Trading
Commodity trading involves the exchange of primary products. It can be the buying and selling of future contracts in Gold, Silver, Oil, Gas, Platinum, Copper, Zinc, Cotton, Wheat, Corn and many more physical products. These row commodities are bought and sold in standardized contracts. The products are uniform; one of its quantity or fraction serves the same purpose as any other. Considering the following cases – a barrel of oil, an ounce of gold, and a bushel of wheat – one is pretty much like another. The most extensively traded and most liquid commodities are Oil and Gold.
There are some differences also. This difference is owing to shipping costs, differences in composition, etc. For example, some oil does sell for a diverse price than that from another source. Commodities are usually traded in the form of futures. It can be also traded on spot markets, where the trading is happened immediately in exchange for cash or some other good.
Commodity futures trading, also known as commodity options trading, creates a contract to sell or buy the goods for a fixed price by a certain date in the future. This contract period is the major reason of the huge potential for profit and loss. Future trading also involves all the exciting aspects of trading, as it intrinsically occupies predictions of the future and consequently uncertainty and risk.
The commodity futures trading puts some obligations on the buyers and sellers. The buyer is responsible for taking delivery and paying for the cash commodity during a fixed time period. The seller is responsible for delivering the commodity, for which he/she will be paid the price that was decided in the exchange pit by the dealers.
This article is written for www.orientfinance.com. Orient Financial Brokers (OFB) S.L.P. conducts brokerage in Foreign Exchange, Futures, and Commodities in the Middle East.
An Initiation To Commodity Futures Trading
How It All Began
Commodity futures trading, as we know it today, came about for the first time in Japan in the 17th century, where rice was traded in future contracts. It was a period when farmers and buyers came together and decided to commit to each other future prices negotiated on suitable terms in exchange of grain for money. For example, a dealer would agree to buy a ton of rice at the end of the next month for a certain price from a farmer. This would be ideal for both parties, as the farmer would know how much he would get for his rice in advance, and the buyer could plan to raise the money he needed for the purchase. Contracts such as these became more and more popular and common, and were even used as collateral for taking loans. If the buyer could not take delivery of the rice, he could sell the contract to someone else. On the other hand, if the farmer could not deliver the goods, then he could hand over the contract to another farmer. Thus began commodity futures trading, as we know it today.
What Are Commodity Futures?
Today, most of the futures commodity trading exchanges are set up in a similar way. Members of the exchange do the actual trading on the floor. Stock stands for equity in a public company, and can be held as long as you want, whereas commodity futures trading contracts have a specified life. In the past, people used commodity futures trading methods generally to hedge risks and fluctuation in prices, or to take advantage of them, and not for actually buying into the commodity. The idea is that a contract requires delivery of the commodity within a certain predefined time period unless it becomes null and void. The person buying the commodity futures trading contract agrees to buy the specified commodity at a fixed price on a certain date. The person selling the commodity futures trading contract agrees to sell the commodity at a certain price on a certain date. As time goes on, the contract price fluctuates, and this brings about profit and loss in the trade. It is to be noted, however that, the delivery generally doesn’t take place. The contract is usually liquidated before its expiry. The entire trade is based on the idea that there will be no delivery, but we can speculate on the price of the underlying commodity at a future time to make money. Commodity futures trading is done all over the world now.
Different Types Of Commodities
There are many types of commodities that are traded in the international market. These can be very broadly categorized into the following:
Precious metals like Gold, Platinum, Silver, etc.,
Metals such as Aluminum, Copper, Steel, etc.,
Agricultural products like Rice, Corn, Oils, Cotton, Wheat, etc.,
Soft commodities such as Cocoa, Coffee, Tea, Sugar, etc.,
Livestock like porkbellies, cattle, etc.,
Energy commodities like Crude oil, Gasoline, Gas, etc.
David Rivera has traded commodities and options for one of the largest cash trading firms in the world. He currently owns and runs the following websites: Futures & Options Simulated trading: http://www.futuresoptionspapertrading.com Options Secrets course: http://www.deltaneutraltrading.com Price and Time trading: http://stock-commodity-trading.com
Online Commodity Trading – Learning To Trade Futures
A futures contract is a commitment to buy a commodity with an inherent value at the date specified. It’s used by the people who produce those commodities to regularize their income streams and protect themselves from excessive market volatility.
Examples of futures are oil futures, steel futures, agricultural futures like corn, soybeans, sugar and wheat, or pork bellies. Any kind of product that’s produced in large quantities with regular production cycles, lead times of more than a month, seasonable variations in availability and price, and near constant demand for the raw material can be the subject of a futures contract. Futures can be thought of as agreements to sell or buy commodities at a specified price in the future, regardless of the market conditions. If you need the commodity in question, you may buy futures to hedge against a future rise in price. If you sell the commodity in question, you’re buying futures to hedge against a decrease in price.
Buying and selling futures contracts allow people to buy and sell the commitments to buy products in respond to market pressures. Unlike stock portfolio or bond investing, you aren’t buying a chunk of a corporation or a debt commitment to be paid back with interest, you’re taking a gamble on the future price of a commodity. Futures trading is risky, as is any kind of investment, but some of the risk can be ameliorated by taking on a diversified portfolio.
What Makes For A Good Futures Trader?
The personality type that thrives in futures trading is that of the professional gambler, the person who is certain that their instincts on the way commodities will flow will beat the market trends. (It is possible to take buy-and-hold positions with futures, but that tends to be less lucrative and less volatile. In general, it’s also less sound than buy-and-hold strategies for stocks and bonds.). Backing up that instinct is a lot of technical analysis. Futures traders watch all the news – for example, news about the weather directly impacts growing seasons for commodities such as corn, soybeans and sugar. News about port regulations impacts futures relating to delivery of durable goods and oil from overseas. News about increases in production capability at refineries, or improvements in oil extraction techniques can change the price of oil – and often in counterintuitive directions!
There is a lot to learn to become a successful online futures trader; you’ll want a mentor, and a couple of classes to learn the terminology, the regulations, and how to spot market trends (and how to divorce yourself from your own analysis, so that you don’t blind yourself to important trends because you’re in love with your own ideas.)
Interestingly, while futures are contracts meant to reduce risk between producers and purchasers of commodities, the trading of futures is a high volatility market. While there is risk, it can be (somewhat) ameliorated, and there are often trends that are easy to pick out that will help you avoid risk. The key to being successful as a futures trader is knowing when to NOT gamble, when to take what you’ve got and call it a day with a reasonable return on your investment.
Author: Amar Mahallati
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
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Understanding Futures Trading
Many people have the notion that commodity futures trading is very difficult to understand. It may only seem difficult when you are new to futures trading, but once you understand the inner workings and get a hang of it, you will be well on your way to success.
People have a common misconception that commodity exchanges determine or establish the prices at which commodity futures are bought and sold. This is not true. Prices are determined by supply and demand conditions. Just keep in mind that if there are more buyers than sellers, prices will be forced up and vice versa.
Buy and sell orders, which originate from all sources and are channeled into the exchange-trading floor for execution, are actually the ones to determine the prices. These buy and sell orders are translated into actual purchases and sales on the trading floor.
The major function of the futures market is the transfer of risk, and increased liquidity between traders with different risk and time preferences, for instance from a hedger to a speculator. Futures trading is a method used to eliminate or minimize risks that occur when the prices in the market fluctuates.
Futures contracts are exchange-traded derivatives. A futures contract is traded on a futures exchange, to buy or sell a certain underlying instrument at a certain date in the future, at a pre-set price. Futures contracts are basically for assumption or hedging.
There are two groups of futures traders: the hedgers, who are interested in the underlying commodity and are seeking to hedge out the risk of changes in price; and the speculators, who are interested in making a profit by predicting market moves and buying a commodity “on paper” for which they have no practical use. For example, commodities in the market can be bought today at today’s price, with the speculation of selling them at a higher price in the future.
On the other hand, hedging protects against fluctuations in market prices. This protection is made by allowing the risks of price changes to be transferred to professional risk takers. For instance, a manufacturer can protect itself from price increases in raw materials they need by hedging in the futures market.
Hedging has two types, hedge sale and hedge purchase. A person can buy a commodity and sell futures at the same quantity as protection against fluctuation in prices when he is still holding the stock.
You might think that this is gambling, but the fact is that speculation refers to the condition of a legitimate enterprise based on the current condition of the market trends. However, it is very risky for inexperienced futures traders who try to predict the market and speculate without having enough resources or experience.
Since the prices are distributed via telecommunications network and the internet, it makes online futures trading very convenient and simple for an individual. Nowadays many brokers offer their services for trading commodity futures online. Because more risk is involved in online futures trading than stock trading, you must judge for yourself whether or not it is worth the added risk of trading commodity futures online.
Keep in mind that an investment in futures can result in losses. Past performance results does not necessarily indicate future performance results.
Author: Susan Jan
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
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Debunking The Myth of Managed Futures
With the lackluster returns in the equity markets, many investors are looking for alternatives for their investment dollars, one of the sectors attracting a lot of interest is the futures markets or commodity markets.
Many of these new investors in the futures markets are looking for someone experienced. They are looking for someone with an established track record to handle the trading decisions of their personal account. In the world of futures, these money managers are referred to as Commodity Trading Advisors or CTAs. Many investors wrongly assume that they do not qualify to have a CTA manage their personal futures account, I will attempt to clarify some of these misconceptions.
Reasons for this common misconception include: - Investors do not know that managed futures with a documented track record exist for individual investors - Investors assume that they would not qualify because of high initial account sizes - Investors have heard the horror stories of a truck showing up at someones front door with a delivery of 5,000 bushels of Corn
Managed Futures has been an investment class that has historically been available to institutions and high net worth individuals, like everything this is changing. The track records and performance information for managed futures remains difficult to find for the average investor. While individual investors might assume that they would not meet the criteria of participating in a managed futures program, this is not always the case. Many managed futures programs have lower requirements than most would expect bringing managed futures as an asset class to the mainstream investor.
These managed futures programs have documented track records and the managers are required to be registered with both the NFA (National Futures Association) as well as the CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission). All managers are required to provide potential clients with a disclosure document that covers the risks as well as the historical performance for their programs. Client accounts are established with a broker that introduces the account to the Manager.
Many investors wrongly assume that they do not qualify for a managed futures account because they assume that they need to meet high initial account balances in order to participate in these programs, this is just not true. Currently we offer a variety of managed futures programs. You might be surprised to learn that you can open a managed futures account with as little as $35,000.
The different managed futures programs that we offer are programs that have shown consistent positive returns with historically low volatility that are managed by proven Commodity Trading Advisors. While we understand that there are many investors and traders that are looking for triple digit yearly returns, experience has taught us that most investors are not looking for the flash in the pan program that shows high volatility but are more comfortable with a consistent return with lower volatility. One of the benefits of investing with a managed futures program is that the performance of the program does not depend on the direction of anyone particular market. Managed Futures have shown to have a low correlation with stock markets. These programs are not dependent on the market direction to provide returns.
Many have heard the old story of I knew someone that had to take delivery of corn and a truck showed up at his front yard with 5,000 bushels of corn this is just not true. A futures contract represents the obligation to either buy or sell a commodity of a certain class at a certain time in the future (why they are called futures), it is the duty of the Commodity Trading Advisor to remove this risk from their trading program. Traders should remember that over 90% of futures contracts never go to delivery they are offset in the market. The process of delivery usually only happens to a trader that is new and unfamiliar with the markets and is trading alone. Brokers usually help new traders by making sure that these small but very costly mistakes do not occur.
Author: Les Jones
Article Source: EzineArticles.com
Provided by: Digital Camera Times
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